Smolensk disaster its devastating magnitude had an indelible mark not only on the Polish political life, but also on all aspects of Polish culture, including the tongue. This influence is clearly omni, but I would like to in the text to focus only on one particular item. In these moments of history often turns out that our language is too poor and lacks words to describe all aspects of reality. In this case, is missing in Polish man who died. The one who died, died, the one who died, the one who died, it killed the one who disappeared, is missing, and the one who died is not his definition. In this case, most use the term "died tragically", however, clearly feel that it leaves a significant insufficiency of precision. At the end of the term "tragically died," is much broader than "perish." But tragically he died (in the broad sense) anyone whom death was a tragedy for someone else.
always been a supporter of the maximum precision in the expression. In the name of the maximization postulate this to determine the wording of the verbal passive participle of the verb to die for. I used to determine the wording and not the creation, because you can not exclude the possibility that a participle is a long time, so that is out of common use, or might never become widespread. Let us leave this issue for the time being on your side and let's move on to the matter as if it was necessary that the participle to create ex nihilo. In this case, you need to take the matter by analogy, that is to look at imiesłowom passive verbs similar in construction to the "lost." It is such a lot, but only two of those that come to mind, have the same special property, which killed, namely, being part of an active exhibit syntactic features of the feedback. They are gone and lost. As to the latter, the matter is simple and not waking doubt - it has the adjectival participle passive, which is missing. The first is the much more komplikacyj. His first passive participle is rarely used, and second, takes two different forms: zniknięty and znikniony. The first is more common in the contemporary Polish colloquial, and the second in the old Polish and poetic texts. Here are some examples:
Suddenly all gone ... and sees, with wonders -
World znikniony clear delusions!
I myself amended in an ugly bush nettle,
A young man stood in the thistle changed.
"That your right but hang in Sybil,
A with znikniony complaints will be left. " -
not say more because I have my rhyme whimpers
And tears are already flooding the lips!
but clouds flash to show up and you znikniony,
but he it did not disappear, but increased in the conflagration,
so in the soul: - What is it? - I ask amazed.
Dante Alighieri, translated by Anne Świderska
Me personally, the second form seems to be more dignified and elegant, which can easily be defended and supported the authority cited above authors. The analysis of these two verbs is clear therefore quite clearly that the adjectival passive participle for the verb to die is zginiony. Interestingly, such a word exists in quite a number of Old Polish texts, literary and dialect. Here przygarść quotes:
What nawarzy shell in his youth,
Even from old age than do not wyparzy.
too young in ill-seasoned,
zginiony already is.
Anonymous Danzig from 1643 years
Juześ zginiony, jus potampsiony. Do not trust God to psiekielnam stois threshold. Decree on ciebzie, thou God straciuł who zapłaciuł you for it?
- I zginiony - Tadeusz said - give me a room, what to whom, when I'm happy!
By the desire of the enemy, I dawnom zginiony;
Będzież (say) that when the day of the blessed,
That it lay on a bier the last they saw
And this wdziadłem napasiemy eyes?
As is evident in all the examples cited, the word zginiony fully, without the slightest doubt, the role of adjectival passive participle of the verb die. So you can not have doubts that this is the correct form of the participle. Language is essentially a system of logical and coherent. Therefore, by analogy can be determined following a long-forgotten past participle, even if the certificate was not on this issue.
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